Ferricyanide is the name of the anion [Fe(CN)6]3−. It is also called hexacyanoferrate(III) and in rare, but systematic nomenclature, hexacyanidoferrate(III). The most common salt of this anion is potassium ferricyanide, a red crystalline material that is used as an oxidant in organic chemistry.
Properties
[Fe(CN)6]3− consists of a Fe3 center bound in octahedral geometry to six cyanide ligands. The complex has Oh symmetry. The iron is low spin and easily reduced to the related ferrocyanide ion [Fe(CN)6]4−, which is a ferrous (Fe2 ) derivative. This redox couple is reversible and entails no making or breaking of Fe–C bonds:
- [Fe(CN)6]3− e− ⇌ [Fe(CN)6]4−
This redox couple is a standard in electrochemistry.
Compared to main group cyanides like potassium cyanide, ferricyanides are much less toxic because of the strong bond between the cyanide ion (CN−) and the Fe3 . They do react with mineral acids, however, to release highly toxic hydrogen cyanide gas.
Uses
Treatment of ferricyanide with iron(II) salts affords the brilliant, long-lasting pigment Prussian blue, the traditional color of blueprints.
See also
- Potassium ferricyanide
- Ferrocyanide
References
